Everything about The Brown House totally explained
The
Brown House was the national headquarters of the
Nazi Party (
Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei) in
Germany.
A large impressive stone structure, it was located at 45
Brienner Straße in
Munich,
Bavaria. It was named for the color of the party uniforms.
By 1930, party headquarters at Schellingstrasse 50 were too small (with the number of workers increasing from four in 1925 to 50 that year). In April 1930, Elizabeth Stefanie Barlow (widow of William Barlow, an English wholesale merchant) offered the Barlow Palace (built in 1828) for purchase to
Franz Xaver Schwarz, party treasurer. A sales contract was signed on May 26, with the purchase price of 805,864 marks. Funds for renovation of party headquarters were provided by industrialist
Fritz Thyssen. The house was converted from an urban villa to an office building by the architect
Paul Troost. He and
Adolf Hitler also re-decorated it in a heavy, anti-modern style. It opened on
1 January 1931.
Hitler maintained an office in the Brown House, as did
Hans Frank,
Heinrich Himmler,
Hermann Goering,
Rudolf Hess,
Philipp Bouhler , and Franz Xaver Schwarz. Also stored there was the so-called
Blutfahne, or "blood flag" or "blood banner." This was the Nazi flag that was carried at the head of the parade during the 1923
Beer Hall Putsch. When Munich police opened fire on the marchers, it was spattered with the blood of the wounded and became a "sacred relic" of the Nazi Party.
The Brown House was damaged in October 1943 and largely destroyed in an allied bombing raid late in
World War II. The rubble was cleared away in
1947, leaving an empty lot.
In
December 2005 the government of
Bavaria announced that the site would soon become the home of the future
NS-Dokumentationszentrum (
Documentation Center for the History of National Socialism)
(External Link
).
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